Immigration FAQs: Answers to Common Questions

Immigration » Immigration resources » FAQs

These short answers cover the questions we hear most often. Each links to a longer guide.

Green cards and family

What is the difference between adjustment of status and consular processing?

Adjustment is applying for a green card inside the United States. Consular processing is applying at an embassy abroad. See our comparison.

Can I work while my green card application is pending?

Usually yes, after a work permit is approved. See work permit and advance parole.

What is a priority date?

Your place in line for categories with a waiting list. See the Visa Bulletin guide.

Who counts as a child?

Unmarried and under 21, with several relationship types. See definition of a child.

What if my child turns 21 during the case?

The Child Status Protection Act may help. See age-out guide.

Does divorce end my green card?

It depends on whether the card is conditional. See divorce and immigration.

Work visas

How does the H-1B lottery work?

Employers register in March and winners file petitions. See H-1B registration.

Can I get a work visa without a job offer?

Some options need no employer, such as NIW and EB-1A for green cards.

What is PERM?

The Department of Labor process for many employer green cards. See PERM step by step.

Can my spouse work on an H-4 visa?

Sometimes. See H-4 EAD eligibility.

What is OPT?

Work authorization for F-1 students. See OPT, CPT and STEM OPT.

Travel and status

Can I travel while my case is pending?

Often not without advance parole. See travel documents.

What if I overstayed my visa?

You may face bars to returning. See unlawful presence bars.

Can a permanent resident live abroad?

Long absences can cause problems. See re-entry permit.

Can I change my status inside the United States?

Sometimes. See how to change status.

Humanitarian protection and enforcement

Who can apply for asylum?

People who fear persecution on a protected ground. See asylum eligibility.

What is TPS?

Temporary protection for people from designated countries. See TPS.

What should I do if I receive a Notice to Appear?

Do not ignore it. See Notice to Appear.

My family member is in detention. What now?

See detention and bond.

Citizenship

When can I apply for citizenship?

Usually after five years as a permanent resident, or three if married to a citizen. See naturalization requirements.

What is on the naturalization test?

English and civics. See English and civics test.

Cannot find your answer? Request a consultation.

Related guides

• Immigration resources
• Road to a green card
• Visa categories overview
• Immigration glossary

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This page is general information, not legal advice, and reading it does not create an attorney-client relationship. Immigration rules, policies and fees change often. Last updated: November 2026.