P Visas for Athletes, Entertainers and Performing Groups

Immigration » Immigration resources » P visas

The P category covers athletes, entertainers and performing groups who come to the United States for a specific event, tour or season. There are three main kinds.

P-1: athletes and entertainment groups

• P-1A: internationally recognized athletes, individually or as a team.
• P-1B: members of an internationally recognized entertainment group that has existed for at least one year, with most members having been part of it for that time.
• Evidence includes awards, reviews, rankings, contracts and media coverage.

P-2: reciprocal exchange programs

For artists and entertainers who come under a reciprocal exchange agreement between a U.S. organization and an organization in another country.

P-3: culturally unique programs

For artists and entertainers who perform, teach or coach in a program that is culturally unique, for example traditional folk arts of their country.

Process

• A U.S. employer, sponsor or agent files Form I-129 with a contract or itinerary.
• A written consultation from the relevant labor organization is generally required.
• Support staff can be included in some cases.

Duration

• P-1 athletes can receive up to five years, with extension up to ten years in total.
• P-1 entertainment groups, P-2 and P-3 are usually limited to the time needed for the event, up to one year at a time.

Compared with other options

Highly acclaimed individuals in the arts may qualify for an O-1. A requirements guide can help decide.

Related guides

• O-1 visas
• B-1 allowed activities
• Change of status
• Immigration resources

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This page is general information, not legal advice, and reading it does not create an attorney-client relationship. Immigration rules, policies and fees change often. Last updated: November 2026.